Chapter 1

澶氬勾鍚庯紝宸茬粡鎴愪负璁稿鏁欑埗鐨勬潕閽熺锛屾瘡姣忕湅鍒拌姳鍦冮噷鐩涙斁鐨勭帿鐟帮紝閮戒細鎯宠捣浠?宀佹椂鐙嚜璧拌繃闄㈠瓙鐨勭煶鏉胯矾锛岃笍鍏ヨ瀹剁殑閭ｄ釜澶忔棩鍗堝悗銆?br />

涔熸槸閭ｆ牱鑽祿澶忔棩鐨勫崍鍚庯紝浠栧彲鎬滃叜鍏湴绔欏湪闄㈠瓙閲岀殑鐜懓涓涗腑锛岄潤鍊欑潃浠栦粠鏈皨闈㈢殑鐖朵翰鐨勫彫瑙併?br />

搴櫌閲岋紝鐜懓鑺辨灊鍥㈤敠绨囷紝鑺遍姘ゆ安浜嗘暣涓涵闄傞偅濞囪壋娆叉淮鐨勮姳鏈碉紝鏇存槸涓洪櫌瀛愮粐浜嗕竴骞呮补鐢伙紝濮挎佸鍙や紭闆呭張楂樿吹锛岀敋鑷充簬闅愰殣绾︾害鍦板湪鍢茬瑧鐫杩欎釜绌烽吀鐨勫鏉ヨ呫?br />

骞村辜鐨勬潕閽熺鎶夸簡鎶垮ソ鐪嬬殑涓嬪攪锛屽績鎯呯劍韬佸湴鎯冲皢杩欎簺鑺辨湹閫氶氭挄鐑傦紝鐒跺悗涓鑲¤剳鍎垮杩涘槾閲屻備粬宸茬粡鍦ㄩ櫌瀛愰噷绛変簡涓涓皬鏃讹紝涔熷凡缁忎袱澶╂病鍚冮キ浜嗭紝濡傝嫢涓嶆槸鐪熺殑娲讳笉涓嬪幓锛屼粬鐪熺殑涓姝ヤ篃涓嶆兂韪忚繘杩欓噷銆?br />

鐑﹁簛鐨勮潐楦ｄ腑锛岄偅涓嶈繙澶勭殑楂樻ゼ閲屼紶鏉ユ竻鑴嗘偊鑰崇殑鑳屼功澹帮細鈥溾︹︽按鏅跺笜鍔ㄥ井椋庤捣锛屾弧鏋惰敺钖囦竴闄㈤銆傜埗浜诧紝浠婂ぉ鐨勫彜璇楁垜宸茬粡鑳屽畬浜嗐傗?br />

鈥滃ソ銆備箹瀛╁瓙锛屽幓缁冪惔鍚с傗濅綆娌夊張娓╁拰鐨勫０闊崇揣鎺ョ潃浼犳潵锛岃閽熺涓嶇浜х敓閿欒锛屼篃璁镐粬鐨勭埗浜插苟娌℃湁濡堝璇村緱閭ｆ牱鍐疯鍙堜笉鍫?br />

鍙殢鍗筹紝浠栧張鍦ㄥ績閲屾憞浜嗘憞澶达紝涓涓姝昏嚜宸辨瘝浜茬殑榛戠ぞ浼氳佸ぇ锛岃兘鏄粈涔堝ソ浜哄憿锛熸槑鐭ラ亾鑷繁鍦ㄧ儓鏃ヤ笅鑻︾瓑鐫浠栵紝浠栧嵈鍙互杈逛簯娣￠杞诲湴缁欓暱瀛愭鏌ヤ綔涓氾紝杈规鏃犳滄偗鍦扮粰鑷繁绔嬩釜涓嬮┈濞併?br />

閽熺鍊斿己鍦颁綆涓嬪ご锛屽紑濮嬫暟鐫韬竟鐨勭帿鐟拌姳鐡ｆ潵娑堢（鏃堕棿锛岃獡瑕佺瓑鍒伴偅涓敺浜虹殑鍙涓嶅彲锛屼粬涓嶄細璁よ緭鐨勩?br />

鏍戝奖缃呴殭闂寸殑鍏変竴鐐逛竴鐐规贰鍘伙紝宸茬粡鏁板畬鐪煎墠鍑犳牚鐜懓鑺辩摚鐨勯挓纭曠粓浜庢病鎾戣繃鍘伙紝鍦ㄥ闃崇殑浣欐櫀涓紝鏄忓掑湪浜嗗湴涓娿?br />

鎰忚瘑妯＄硦闂达紝妤间笂閭ｉ挗鐞村０涓嶇煡浣曟椂宸茬粡鍋滀簡銆傞挓纭曟亶鎯氭兂璧凤紝浠栨浘鍚繃鑰佸鐨勯偦灞呴樋濮ㄨ杩囷紝闊╁浗铏界劧鍞辫烦鐨勫伓鍍忓锛屼絾鍏跺疄閮藉緢寤変环锛岃兘寮瑰緱璧烽挗鐞寸殑浜烘墠鏄吹鏃忋備粬涔熷ソ鎯虫垚涓鸿吹鏃忓晩锛屼竴鏋堕挗鐞寸殑閽辫兘璁╀粬鍚冮ケ涓ゅ勾浜嗭紝鑰屼笖杩樹笉鐢ㄥ瘎浜虹涓嬬湅浜虹溂鑹层?br />

鏈潵锛屼粬瑕佹垚涓哄儚妤间笂閭ｄ釜鐢峰涓鏍风殑浜猴紝涓嶏紝浠栬鍙栦唬浠栵紝杩欎笘鐣屽彧鍙互鏈変竴涓粬瀛樺湪銆?br />

閽熺鍐呭績绾垫湁鍗冪櫨鍥炲疀杞紝鏈缁堣繕鏄湪鏄忓掑墠鍚愬嚭浜嗕袱涓瓧锛氣滃ソ鈥︹﹂タ鈥︹︹?br />

閽熺鍐嶆閱掕繃鏉ユ椂锛岃韩杈瑰彧鏈変竴涓〃鎯呭啺鍐风殑鑰佺瀹躲傝捣灞呭閲岀殑鐏厜鍗板湪鑰佺瀹剁殑鑴镐笂锛屾樉寰楄媿鐧藉張鍐疯銆?br />

鑰佺瀹舵贰娣″湴閬擄細鈥滄潕灏戠埛锛屾偍鐨勮韩浣撳凡鏃犲ぇ纰嶏紝鍙槸鏈変簺浣庤绯栥傝佺埛宸茬粡鍦ㄩ鍘呯瓑鎮ㄤ簡锛屾偍鐜板湪鍙互杩囧幓鍚楋紵鈥?br />

铏芥槸璇㈤棶鍙ワ紝鍙瀹剁殑璇皵鍗翠竴鐐瑰効涔熶笉瀹㈡皵銆?br />

浠庡皬鍦ㄧぞ浼氫笂鎽哥埇婊氭墦锛岃瘑浜虹溂鑹茬殑閽熺绔嬪嵆绔欎簡璧锋潵锛屽皧鏁湴閬擄細鈥滆阿璋集浼紝璇锋偍甯﹁矾銆傗?br />

娌℃湁琚鐖舵壙璁や箣鍓嶏紝浠栫煡閬撹嚜宸辨槸娌℃湁璧勬牸鎽嗗嚭灏戜富浜虹殑濮挎佺殑銆?br />

鐙愬亣铏庡▉鐨勪笢瑗匡紒閽熺榛橀粯鍦版敟绱т簡鎵嬪績锛屼箹宸у湴璺熷湪绠″鐨勮韩鍚庯紝浣庣潃澶磋蛋杩涗簡椁愬巺銆?br />

娌跨潃闀块暱鐨勩佹槀璐电殑绾㈡湪椁愭鏈涘幓锛岄挓纭曠湅瑙佷簡浠栭偅閬ヨ繙鐨勭敓鐖讹紝鍜屼粬韬梺绁炴儏涔栧阀鐨勫悓鐖跺紓姣嶇殑鍝ュ摜銆?br />

璁哥埗娣℃紶鍦版姮璧蜂簡鐪硷紝浠夸經鍦ㄧ湅涓鍙冭窇鍚庤惤榄勫綊瀹剁殑灏忕嫍鑸紝杞诲０閬擄細鈥滀綘鏄潕濠夊▏鐨勫瀛愶紵鈥?br />

鎴戜篃鏄綘鐨勫瀛愶紝閽熺鐨勬墜鏀ュ緱鏇寸揣浜嗐備粬瀛ら浂闆跺湴绔欏湪妗屽瓙鏃侊紝鐐逛簡鐐瑰ご锛岀鎯呭嵈鏄竴鐗囨棤杈滃張鍧︾劧銆?br />

鈥滄姮璧峰ご鏉ャ傗濊鐖舵斁涓嬬瀛愶紝鐢ㄩ宸